. oxygen increase. oxygen decrease. carbon dioxide increase. Question 3 2 / 2 pts Uncal herniation occurs when the hippocampal gyrus shifts from the middle fossa through the tentorial notch into the posterior fossa. the diencephalon shifts from the middle fossa straight downward through the tentorial notch into the posterior fossa. the cingulate gyrus shifts under the falx cerebri. a cerebellar tonsil shifts through the foramen magnum. Question 4 2 / 2 pts What are the areas of the brain that mediate several cognitive functions, including vigilance, reasoning, and executive functions? Occipital Limbic Parietal Prefrontal Question 5 0 / 2 pts The most critical aspect in diagnosing a seizure disorder and establishing its cause is computed tomography (CT) scan. cerebrospinal fluid analysis. health history. skull x-ray films. Question 6 2 / 2 pts Cerebral edema is an increase in the fluid content of the brain tissue. meninges. neurons. ventricles. Question 7 2 / 2 pts Which is a characteristic of brainstem death? Comatose Vegetative state Apnea Locked-in syndrome Question 8 2 / 2 pts Which disease process is infratentorial? Cerebellar neoplasm Parkinson disease Encephalitis Cerebral neoplasm Question 9 2 / 2 pts Microinfarcts resulting in pure motor or pure sensory deficits are the result of which type of stroke? Lacunar Hemorrhagic Embolic Thrombotic Question 10 0 / 2 pts Spinal cord injuries are most likely to occur in which of the following regions? Cervical and thoracic Lumbar and sacral Cervical and lumbar Thoracic and lumbar Question 11 2 / 2 pts A right hemisphere embolic cerebrovascular accident has resulted in left-sided paralysis and reduced sensation of the left foot and leg. The vessel most likely affected by the emboli is the right _____ artery. middle cerebral posterior cerebral vertebral anterior cerebral Question 12 2 / 2 pts In children most intracranial tumors are located laterally. below the tentorium cerebelli. above the tentorium cerebelli. posterolaterally. Question 13 2 / 2 pts What are the most common side effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)? Hypertensive crisis and agitation Orthostatic hypotension and weight gain Dry mouth and sexual dysfunction Sleep disturbances and nausea Question 14 0 / 2 pts Which neurotransmitter is reduced in people with schizophrenia? Acetylcholine Dopamine Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Serotonin Question 15 0 / 2 pts Which electrolyte imbalance contributes to lithium toxicity? Hyponatremia Hypernatremia Hypokalemia Hyperkalemia Question 16 2 / 2 pts Benign febrile seizures are characterized by onset after the fifth year of life. respiratory or ear infections. lasting 30 minutes or more. a temperature less than 39° C. Question 17 2 / 2 pts The clinical manifestations of dyskinetic cerebral palsy include exaggerated deep tendon reflexes, clonus, and rigidity of extremities. scoliosis, contractures, and stiffness of trunk muscles. increased muscle tone and prolonged primitive reflexes. jerky uncontrolled and abrupt fine musculoskeletal movements. Question 18 2 / 2 pts A _____ is the test done on amniotic fluid and maternal blood to test for neural tube defect. α-fetoprotein (AFP) total protein culture C-reactive protein Question 19 2 / 2 pts Symptoms characteristic of bulimia nervosa include: a perception that the body is fat when it is actually underweight. recurrent episodes of binge eating with fears of not being able to stop eating. absence of three consecutive menstrual periods. a fear of becoming obese despite progressive weight loss. Question 20 2 / 2 pts Intussusception causes intestinal obstruction by the loss of peristaltic motor activity in the intestine, causing an adynamic ileus. twisting the intestine on its mesenteric pedicle causing occlusion of the blood supply. forming fibrin and scar tissue that attach to intestinal omentum and cause obstruction. telescoping of part of the intestine into another usually causing strangulation of the blood supply. Question 21 2 / 2 pts After a partial gastrectomy or pyloroplasty, clinical manifestations that include increased pulse, hypotension, weakness, pallor, sweating, and dizziness are a result of a rapid gastric emptying and creation of a high osmotic gradient in the small intestine that causes a sudden shift of fluid from the blood vessels to the intestinal lumen. hemorrhage postoperatively in which a large volume of blood is lost, causing hypotension with compensatory tachycardia. an anaphylactic reaction in which chemical mediators, such as histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes, relax vascular smooth muscles causing shock. a concentrated bolus that moves from the stomach into the small intestine, which causes hyperglycemia, resulting in polyuria and eventually hypovolemic shock. Question 22 0 / 2 pts Hepatitis _____ in children is primarily associated with blood transfusions. D B A C Question 23 2 / 2 pts _____ diarrhea results from lactose intolerance. Motility Secretory Small volume Osmotic Question 24 0 / 2 pts A person with cystic fibrosis has an exocrine pancreatic insufficiency because the pancreas has a volvulus at the ampulla of Vater. of the impaired blood supply to the pancreas causing ischemia. genetically the pancreas is unable to produce digestive enzymes. the pancreatic ducts are obstructed with mucus. Question 25 2 / 2 pts Prolonged diarrhea is more severe in children than in adults because children have diarrhea more often than do adults. children have a higher fluid volume intake. less water is absorbed from the colon in children. fluid reserves are smaller in children.]]>
