. The metabolic rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of lean adults. The rate of urine output of obese adults is higher than the rate of output of lean adults. The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively. Question 5 2 / 2 pts Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how long? 6 to 8 weeks 8 to 12 months Until the iron level is normal The rest of one’s life Question 6 2 / 2 pts Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis? Obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation Respiratory disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray imaging Pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-producing viscous mucus that obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens Pulmonary disorder characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency Question 7 2 / 2 pts What pulmonary defense mechanism propels a mucous blanket that entraps particles moving toward the oropharynx? Nasal turbinates Alveolar macrophages Cilia Irritant receptors on the nares Question 8 2 / 2 pts As stated in the Frank-Starling law, a direct relationship exists between the _____ of the blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the _____ of contraction during the next systole. Pressure; force Volume; strength Viscosity; force Viscosity; strength Question 9 2 / 2 pts The tonic neck reflex observed in a newborn should no longer be obtainable by: 2 years 1 year 10 months 5 months Question 10 2 / 2 pts Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation originating from which tissue origin? Blood vessels Epithelial cells Connective tissue Glandular tissue Question 11 2 / 2 pts Which of the following describes how the body compensates for anemia? Increasing rate and depth of breathing Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin Question 12 2 / 2 pts What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in a posterior arch of a vertebra? Encephalocele Meningocele Spina bifida occulta Myelomeningocele Question 13 2 / 2 pts Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance? Hypokalemia Hyperkalemia Hypocalcemia Hypercalcemia Question 14 2 / 2 pts After sexual transmission of HIV, a person can be infected yet seronegative for how many months? 1 to 2 6 to 14 18 to 20 24 to 36 Question 15 2 / 2 pts Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress response? Norepinephrine Epinephrine Cortisol Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Question 16 2 / 2 pts Which blood cells are the chief phagocytes involved in the early inflammation process? Neutrophils Monocytes Eosinophils Erythrocytes Question 17 2 / 2 pts Where are alveolar macrophages found? Skin Breasts Gastrointestinal tract Lungs Question 18 2 / 2 pts Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system? Decreased flow resistance Fewer alveoli Stiffening of the chest wall Improved elastic recoil Question 19 0 / 2 pts An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) would likely exhibit which symptom? Intermittent murmur Lack of symptoms Need for surgical repair Triad of congenital defects Question 20 2 / 2 pts Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of which clotting factor? V VIII IX X Question 21 2 / 2 pts A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called: Hemolytic shock Anaphylaxis Necrotizing vasculitis Systemic erythematosus Question 22 2 / 2 pts Which statement is true regarding pain and cancer? Pain is primarily a result of pressure caused by the tumor. Pain indicates the metastasis of a cancer. Pain is usually the initial symptom of cancer. Pain is generally associated with late-stage cancer. Question 23 2 / 2 pts What is the anomaly in which the soft bony component of the skull and much of the brain is missing? Anencephaly Myelodysplasia Cranial meningocele Hydrocephaly Question 24 0 / 2 pts At birth, which statement is true? Systemic resistance and pulmonary resistance fall. Gas exchange shifts from the placenta to the lung. Systemic resistance falls and pulmonary resistance rises. Systemic resistance and pulmonary resistance rise. Question 25 2 / 2 pts What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment? Nausea Fatigue Hair loss Weight loss Question 26 0 / 2 pts The common property among the three types of medications used to treat depression is that they: Increase neurotransmitter levels within the synapse. Increase neurotransmitter levels in the presynapse. Decrease neurotransmitter levels in the postsynapse. Decrease neurotransmitter levels within the synapse. Question 27 0 / 2 pts Prolonged high environmental temperatures that produce dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia cause which disorder of temperature regulation? Heat cramps Heat stroke Malignant hyperthermia Heat exhaustion Question 28 2 / 2 pts Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease) involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of which nervous system? Central Parasympathetic Sympathetic Somatic Question 29 2 / 2 pts What type of fracture occurs at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality and is a result of a force that would not normally cause a fracture? Idiopathic Incomplete Pathologic Greenstick Question 30 0 / 2 pts What is the leading cause of infertility in women? Pelvic inflammatory disease Endometriosis Salpingitis Polycystic ovary syndrome Question 31 2 / 2 pts Alterations in which part of the brain are linked to hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders associated with schizophrenia? Parietal lobe Limbic system Temporal lobe Hypothalamus . Question 32 0 / 2 pts What is the function of the mucus secreted by the Bartholin glands? Enhancement of the motility of sperm Lubrication of the urinary meatus and vestibule Maintenance of an acid-base balance to discourage proliferation of pathogenic bacteria Enhancement of the size of the penis during intercourse Question 33 0 / 2 pts People with gout are at high risk for which co-morbid condition? Renal calculi Joint trauma Anemia Hearing loss Question 34 0 / 2 pts The tear in a ligament is referred to as a: Fracture Strain Disunion Sprain Question 35 0 / 2 pts Regarding type 2 diabetes, obesity is considered to be what type of risk? Genetic Empirical Relative Modifiable Question 36 0 / 2 pts Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by nonalcoholic parents have what amount of an increased risk of developing alcoholism? Twofold Threefold Fourfold Tenfold Question 37 2 / 2 pts What causes the crystallization within the synovial fluid of the joint affected by gouty arthritis? Reduced excretion of purines Overproduction of uric acid Increase in the glycosaminoglycan levels Overproduction of proteoglycans Question 38 0 / 2 pts It is true that Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS): Is preceded by a viral illness. Involves a deficit in acetylcholine. Results in asymmetric paralysis. Is an outcome of HIV. Question 39 2 / 2 pts The failure of bones to ossify, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformity, characterizes which disorder? Osteogenesis imperfecta Rickets Osteochondrosis Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease Question 40 2 / 2 pts Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with a decreased risk for developing colon cancer? Increased consumption of dairy produces Increased consumption of foods containing vitamin C Decreased consumption of foods high in fat Decreased consumption of artificial food coloring Question 41 2 / 2 pts The sudden apparent arousal in which a child expresses intense fear or another strong emotion while still in a sleep state characterizes which sleep disorder? Night terrors Insomnia Somnambulism Enuresis Question 42 2 / 2 pts Which virus is a precursor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer? Human papillomavirus (HPV) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Herpes simplex II virus (HSV) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Question 43 0 / 2 pts What anchors articular cartilage to the underlying bone? Sharpey fibers Collagen fibers Glycoproteins Elastin fibers Question 44 0 / 2 pts Which gastric cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor? Parietal Chief G H Question 45 2 / 2 pts Which water-soluble vitamin is absorbed by passive diffusion? Vitamin B6 Vitamin B1 Vitamin K Folic acid Question 46 2 / 2 pts What is the first sign of puberty in girls? Breast enlargement Growth of pubic hair Menstruation Vaginal discharge Question 47 2 / 2 pts Pinkeye is characterized by inflammation of which structure? Eyelids Sebaceous glands Meibomian glands Conjunctiva Question 48 2 / 2 pts What syndrome, characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome, exhibits features that include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and webbed neck? Down Cri du chat Turner Klinefelter Question 49 2 / 2 pts A criterion for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a period of excessive worrying that lasts for at least how many months? 3 6 9 12 Question 50 0 / 2 pts Obesity acts as an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus by: Reducing the amount of insulin the pancreas produces Increasing the resistance to insulin by cells Obstructing the outflow of insulin from the pancreas Stimulating the liver to increase glucose production Question 51 0 / 2 pts Which clinical manifestations would be expected for a child who has complete trisomy of the twenty-first chromosome? Widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair An IQ of 25 to 70, low nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and flat, low-set ears High-pitched voice, tall stature, gynecomastia, and an IQ of 60 to 90 Circumoral cyanosis, edema of the feet, short stature, and mental slowness Question 52 0 / 2 pts Where is the usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in situ? Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the cuboidal epithelium of the vagina. Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the uterus. Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the columnar epithelium of the uterus. Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the vagina. Question 53 0 / 2 pts How can glaucoma cause blindness? Infection of the cornea Pressure on the optic nerve Opacity of the lens Obstruction of the venous return from the retina Question 54 0 / 2 pts Parkinson disease is a degenerative disorder of the brain’s: Hypothalamus Anterior pituitary Frontal lobe Basal ganglia Question 55 0 / 2 pts Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain? GCT Pattern theory Specificity theory Neuromatrix theory Question 56 0 / 2 pts Where is oxytocin synthesized? Hypothalamus Paraventricular nuclei Anterior pituitary Posterior pituitary Question 57 0 / 2 pts An insufficient dietary intake of which vitamin can lead to rickets in children? C B12 B6 D Question 58 2 / 2 pts What term is used to identify the condition that exists when the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis? Hypospadias Epispadias Hyperspadias Chordee Question 59 2 / 2 pts The most critical aspect in ly diagnosing a seizure disorder and establishing its cause is: Computed tomographic (CT) scan Cerebrospinal fluid analysis Skull x-ray studies Health history Question 60 0 / 2 pts Transcription is best defined as a process by which: DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid (RNA). RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence. Question 61 0 / 2 pts Which person is at the greatest risk for developing delirium? An individual with diabetes celebrating a 70th birthday A depressed Hispanic woman An individual on the second day after hip replacement A man diagnosed with schizophrenia Question 62 2 / 2 pts Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty? Inhibin Leptin Activin Follistatin Question 63 0 / 2 pts Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance? Secretory Motility Osmotic Small volume Question 64 2 / 2 pts An amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant women who: Have a history of chronic illness Have a family history of genetic disorders Have experienced in vitro fertilization Had a late menarche Question 65 2 / 2 pts Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor) muscle fibers? Slow contraction speed Fast conduction velocities Profuse capillary supply Oxidative metabolism Question 66 2 / 2 pts The mucosal secretions of the cervix secrete which immunoglobulin? IgA IgE IgG IgM Question 67 2 / 2 pts Dilation of the ipsilateral pupil, following uncal herniation, is the result of pressure on which cranial nerve (CN)? Optic (CN I) Abducens (CN VI) Oculomotor (CN III) Trochlear (CN IV) Question 68 0 / 2 pts Which of the following is a lipid-soluble hormone? Cortisol Oxytocin Epinephrine Growth hormone Question 69 2 / 2 pts What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children? Periorbital edema Scrotal or labial edema Frothy urine Ascites Question 70 2 / 2 pts The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women? Ovarian Lung Uterine Pancreatic Question 71 0 / 2 pts The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an example of which concept? Incidence Prevalence Ratio Risk Question 72 2 / 2 pts When a woman’s uterus is assessed as protruding through the entrance of the vagina to the hymen, which grade of prolapse does this indicate? 1 2 3 Question 73 2 / 2 pts What is the term that denotes the duration of time or the intensity of pain that a person will endure before outwardly responding? Tolerance Perception Threshold Dominance Question 74 2 / 2 pts Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis? Premenstrual syndrome Dysfunctional uterine bleeding Polycystic ovary syndrome Primary dysmenorrhea Question 75 0 / 2 pts What term describes the loss of the comprehension or production of language? Agnosia Aphasia Akinesia Dysphasia]]>
